摘要： 【中文摘要】 在R22替代工作進(jìn)入實(shí)質(zhì)性階段、但國(guó)內(nèi)外成熟替代物又尚不明朗之際,作者針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外R22替代物現(xiàn)狀以及國(guó)際上對(duì)環(huán)保工質(zhì)新的要求,曾于2009.10探索提出在家用/商用空調(diào)中使用R32替代R22的設(shè)想[1],這里進(jìn)一步對(duì)為何關(guān)注R32、如何評(píng)價(jià)它的減排效果、機(jī)組z*大充注量的限度如何、有否節(jié)能效益、能否為我國(guó)空調(diào)行業(yè)與氟化工行業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)軌形成"互利共贏"局面以及需要解決哪些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)等問題作了比較詳細(xì)具體的再分析,并與現(xiàn)有或有望成為R22替代物R410A、R290、R161等進(jìn)行了綜合比較,認(rèn)為R32是一種和諧兼顧減排、節(jié)能、安全、市場(chǎng)和替代物轉(zhuǎn)軌等諸方面要求的、很有前景的替代R22的長(zhǎng)期制冷劑。 【英文摘要】 Phase-out of R22 will start in China but the existing alternatives to R22 are unsuitable in some application.On the basis of the present status and requirements for new environment-friendly alternatives,we proposed using R32 to replace R22 in household/commercial air conditioning in 2009.In this paper,the analyses on some issues for R32 to replace R22 are performed including evaluation of the effect on carbon dioxide emissions,the maximum charge limitation in a unit,the energy saving,the feasibility for the refrigerant transform in the air-conditioning industry and the chemical engineering industry,and the key problems to solve in the application.The comparison between R32 and some alternatives to R22 such as R410A,R290,and R161 is discussed.The results show that R32 may be an attractive long term candidate to replace R22 considering the balance of carbon dioxide emissions,safety,energy saving,and availability. 【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 工程熱物理; 制冷劑; 空調(diào); 制冷; R22; R32【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 Engineering thermophysics; Refrigerant; Air-conditioning; Refrigeration; R22; R32